上周出现了一次故障,recovery的过程比较慢,然后发现Shard 在做恢复的过程一般都是卡在TRANSLOG阶段,所以好奇这块是怎么完成的,于是有了这篇文章
这是一篇源码分析类的文章,大家需要先建立一个整体的概念,建议参看
另外你可能还需要了解下 Recovery 阶段迁移过程:
INIT -> INDEX -> VERIFY_INDEX -> TRANSLOG -> FINALIZE -> DONE
概览
Recovery 其实有两种:
- Primary的迁移/Replication的生成和迁移
- Primary的恢复
org.elasticsearch.indices.cluster.IndicesClusterStateService.clusterChanged 被触发后,会触发applyNewOrUpdatedShards 函数的调用。大家可以跑进去看看,然后跟着文章去浏览整个代码体系,基本能够帮助大家串起整个流程了。
Primary的恢复
这个是一般出现故障集群重启的时候可能遇到的。首先需要从Store里进行恢复。
if (isPeerRecovery(shardRouting)) { ......}else { //走的这个分支 indexService.shard(shardId).recoverFromStore(shardRouting, new StoreRecoveryService.RecoveryListener() {}
Primary 进行自我恢复,所以并不需要其他节点的支持。所以判定的函数叫做 isPeerRecovery
其实还是挺合适的。
indexService.shard(shardId).recoverFromStore
调用的是 org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShard
的方法。
public void recoverFromStore(ShardRouting shard, StoreRecoveryService.RecoveryListener recoveryListener) { // we are the first primary, recover from the gateway // if its post api allocation, the index should exists assert shard.primary() : "recover from store only makes sense if the shard is a primary shard"; final boolean shouldExist = shard.allocatedPostIndexCreate(); storeRecoveryService.recover(this, shouldExist, recoveryListener); }
逻辑还是很清晰的,接着我们进入 org.elasticsearch.index.shard.StoreRecoveryService.recover
方法里,这里有个细节需要了解下:
if (indexShard.routingEntry().restoreSource() != null) { indexShard.recovering("from snapshot", RecoveryState.Type.SNAPSHOT, indexShard.routingEntry().restoreSource()); } else { indexShard.recovering("from store", RecoveryState.Type.STORE, clusterService.localNode()); }
我们会根据restoreSource 决定是从SNAPSHOT或者从Store里进行恢复。这里的 indexShard.recovering
并没有执行真正的recovering 操作,而是返回了一个recover的信息对象,比如节点什么的。
这正执行recovering 操作是使用了一个新的线程:
threadPool.generic().execute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { final RecoveryState recoveryState = indexShard.recoveryState(); if (indexShard.routingEntry().restoreSource() != null) { logger.debug("restoring from {} ...", indexShard.routingEntry().restoreSource()); restore(indexShard, recoveryState); } else { logger.debug("starting recovery from shard_store ..."); recoverFromStore(indexShard, indexShouldExists, recoveryState); }
这里我们只走一条线,进入 recoverFromStore 方法,该方法会执行索引文件的恢复动作,本质上是进入了 INDEX
Stage.
接着进行TranslogRecovery了
typesToUpdate = indexShard.performTranslogRecovery(indexShouldExists);indexShard.finalizeRecovery();
我们进入 indexShard.performTranslogRecovery 方法:
public MapperformTranslogRecovery(boolean indexExists) { if (indexExists == false) { // note: these are set when recovering from the translog final RecoveryState.Translog translogStats = recoveryState().getTranslog(); translogStats.totalOperations(0); translogStats.totalOperationsOnStart(0); } final Map recoveredTypes = internalPerformTranslogRecovery(false, indexExists); assert recoveryState.getStage() == RecoveryState.Stage.TRANSLOG : "TRANSLOG stage expected but was: " + recoveryState.getStage(); return recoveredTypes; }
这个方法里面,最核心的是 internalPerformTranslogRecovery
方法,进入该方法后先进入 VERIFY_INDEX
Stage,进行索引的校验,校验如果没有问题,就会进入我们期待的 TRANSLOG
状态了。
进入 TRANSLOG
后,先进行一些设置:
engineConfig.setEnableGcDeletes(false);engineConfig.setCreate(indexExists == false);
这里的GC 指的是tranlog日志的删除问题,也就是不允许删除translog,接着会创建一个新的InternalEngine了,然后返回调用 org.elasticsearch.index.shard.TranslogRecoveryPerformer.getRecoveredTypes
不过你看这个代码会比较疑惑,其实我一开始看也觉得纳闷:
if (skipTranslogRecovery == false) { // This will activate our shard so we get our fair share of the indexing buffer during recovery: markLastWrite(); } createNewEngine(skipTranslogRecovery, engineConfig); return engineConfig.getTranslogRecoveryPerformer().getRecoveredTypes();
我们并没有看到做translog replay的地方,而从上层的调用方来看:
typesToUpdate = indexShard.performTranslogRecovery(indexShouldExists);indexShard.finalizeRecovery();
performTranslogRecovery 返回后,就立马进入扫尾阶段。 里面唯一的动作是createNewEngine,并且传递了 skipTranslogRecovery
参数。 也就说,真正的translog replay动作是在createNewEngine里完成,我们经过探索,发现是在InternalEngine 的初始化过程完成的,具体代码如下:
try { if (skipInitialTranslogRecovery) { // make sure we point at the latest translog from now on.. commitIndexWriter(writer, translog, lastCommittedSegmentInfos.getUserData().get(SYNC_COMMIT_ID)); } else { recoverFromTranslog(engineConfig, translogGeneration); } } catch (IOException | EngineException ex) { throw new EngineCreationFailureException(shardId, "failed to recover from translog", ex); }
里面有个recoverFromTranslog,我们进去瞅瞅:
final TranslogRecoveryPerformer handler = engineConfig.getTranslogRecoveryPerformer(); try (Translog.Snapshot snapshot = translog.newSnapshot()) { opsRecovered = handler.recoveryFromSnapshot(this, snapshot); } catch (Throwable e) { throw new EngineException(shardId, "failed to recover from translog", e); }
目前来看,所有的Translog recovery 动作其实都是由 TranslogRecoveryPerformer
来 完成的。当然这个名字也比较好,翻译过来就是 TranslogRecovery 执行者。先对translog 做一个snapshot,然后根据这个snapshot开始进行恢复,进入 recoveryFromSnapshot 方法我们查看细节,然后会引导你进入
下面的方法:
public void performRecoveryOperation(Engine engine, Translog.Operation operation, boolean allowMappingUpdates) { try { switch (operation.opType()) { case CREATE: Translog.Create create = (Translog.Create) operation; Engine.Create engineCreate = IndexShard.prepareCreate(docMapper(create.type()), source(create.source()).index(shardId.getIndex()).type(create.type()).id(create.id()) .routing(create.routing()).parent(create.parent()).timestamp(create.timestamp()).ttl(create.ttl()), create.version(), create.versionType().versionTypeForReplicationAndRecovery(), Engine.Operation.Origin.RECOVERY, true, false); maybeAddMappingUpdate(engineCreate.type(), engineCreate.parsedDoc().dynamicMappingsUpdate(), engineCreate.id(), allowMappingUpdates); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("[translog] recover [create] op of [{}][{}]", create.type(), create.id()); } engine.create(engineCreate); break;
终于看到了实际的translog replay 逻辑了。这里调用了标准的InternalEngine.create 方法进行日志的恢复。其实比较有意思的是,我们在日志回放的过程中,依然会继续写translog。这里就会导致一个问题,如果我在做日志回放的过程中, 服务器由当掉了(或者ES instance 重启了),那么就会导致translog 变多了。这个地方是否可以再优化下?
假设我们完成了Translog 回放后,如果确实有重放,那么就行flush动作,删除translog,否则就commit Index。具体逻辑由如下的代码来完成:
if (opsRecovered > 0) { logger.trace("flushing post recovery from translog. ops recovered [{}]. committed translog id [{}]. current id [{}]", opsRecovered, translogGeneration == null ? null : translogGeneration.translogFileGeneration, translog .currentFileGeneration()); flush(true, true); } else if (translog.isCurrent(translogGeneration) == false) { commitIndexWriter(indexWriter, translog, lastCommittedSegmentInfos.getUserData().get(Engine.SYNC_COMMIT_ID)); }
接着就进入了finalizeRecovery,然后,就没然后了。
indexShard.finalizeRecovery(); String indexName = indexShard.shardId().index().name(); for (Map.Entryentry : typesToUpdate.entrySet()) { validateMappingUpdate(indexName, entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } indexShard.postRecovery("post recovery from shard_store");
Primary的迁移/Replication的生成和迁移
一般这种recovery其实就是发生relocation或者调整副本的时候发生的。所以集群是在正常状态,一定有健康的primary shard存在,所以我们也把这种recovery叫做Peer Recovery。 入口和前面的Primary恢复是一样的,代码如下:
if (isPeerRecovery(shardRouting)) { //走的这个分支.....RecoveryState.Type type = shardRouting.primary() ? RecoveryState.Type.RELOCATION : RecoveryState.Type.REPLICA; recoveryTarget.startRecovery(indexShard, type, sourceNode, new PeerRecoveryListener(shardRouting, indexService, indexMetaData));...... }else { ......}
核心代码自然是 recoveryTarget.startRecovery。这里的recoveryTarget的类型是: org.elasticsearch.indices.recovery.RecoveryTarget
startRecovery方法的核心代码是:
threadPool.generic().execute(new RecoveryRunner(recoveryId));
也是启动一个县城异步执行的。RecoveryRunner调用的是RecoveryTarget的 doRecovery
方法,在该方法里,会发出一个RPC请求:
final StartRecoveryRequest request = new StartRecoveryRequest(recoveryStatus.shardId(), recoveryStatus.sourceNode(), clusterService.localNode(), false, metadataSnapshot, recoveryStatus.state().getType(), recoveryStatus.recoveryId());recoveryStatus.indexShard().prepareForIndexRecovery(); recoveryStatus.CancellableThreads().execute(new CancellableThreads.Interruptable() { @Override public void run() throws InterruptedException { responseHolder.set(transportService.submitRequest(request.sourceNode(), RecoverySource.Actions.START_RECOVERY, request, new FutureTransportResponseHandler() { @Override public RecoveryResponse newInstance() { return new RecoveryResponse(); } }).txGet()); } });
这个时候进入 INDEX Stage。 那谁接受处理的呢? 我们先看看现在的类名叫啥? RecoveryTarget。 我们想当然的想,是不是有RecoverySource呢? 发现确实有,而且该类确实也有一个处理类:
class StartRecoveryTransportRequestHandler extends TransportRequestHandler{ @Override public void messageReceived(final StartRecoveryRequest request, final TransportChannel channel) throws Exception { RecoveryResponse response = recover(request); channel.sendResponse(response); } }
ES里这种通过Netty进行交互的方式,大家可以看看我之前写文章 。
这里我们进入RecoverSource对象的recover方法:
private RecoveryResponse recover(final StartRecoveryRequest request) { ..... if (IndexMetaData.isOnSharedFilesystem(shard.indexSettings())) { handler = new SharedFSRecoverySourceHandler(shard, request, recoverySettings, transportService, logger); } else { handler = new RecoverySourceHandler(shard, request, recoverySettings, transportService, logger); } ongoingRecoveries.add(shard, handler); try { return handler.recoverToTarget(); } finally { ongoingRecoveries.remove(shard, handler); } }
我们看到具体负责处理的类是RecoverySourceHandler,之后调用该类的recoverToTarget方法。我对下面的代码做了精简,方便大家看清楚。
public RecoveryResponse recoverToTarget() { final Engine engine = shard.engine(); assert engine.getTranslog() != null : "translog must not be null"; try (Translog.View translogView = engine.getTranslog().newView()) { final SnapshotIndexCommit phase1Snapshot; phase1Snapshot = shard.snapshotIndex(false); phase1(phase1Snapshot, translogView); try (Translog.Snapshot phase2Snapshot = translogView.snapshot()) { phase2(phase2Snapshot); } catch (Throwable e) { throw new RecoveryEngineException(shard.shardId(), 2, "phase2 failed", e); } finalizeRecovery(); } return response; }
首先创建一个Translog的视图(创建视图的细节我现在也还没研究),接着的话对当前的索引进行snapshot。 然后进入phase1阶段,该阶段是把索引文件和请求的进行对比,然后得出有差异的部分,主动将数据推送给请求方。之后进入文件清理阶段,然后就进入 translog 阶段:
protected void prepareTargetForTranslog(final Translog.View translogView) {
接着进入第二阶段:
try (Translog.Snapshot phase2Snapshot = translogView.snapshot()) { phase2(phase2Snapshot); }
对当前的translogView 进行一次snapshot,然后进行translog发送:
int totalOperations = sendSnapshot(snapshot);http://www.w2bc.com/article/155209